Why I Do Science

I was exposed to science very early through my father, a scientist and professor of plant genetics in Brazil. I’d spend school vacations in his lab, observing and conducting small experiments. These experiences instilled in me a deep appreciation for the scientific method and the thrill of uncovering the unknown.

My research seeks to understand the dynamic relationship between cellular architecture and metabolic regulation and how those relate to complex metabolic diseases like diabetes and fatty liver disease.

Our lab uses high-resolution imaging to visualize organelle structures within cells and tissues; these advanced technologies allow us to see cellular structures in ways that were previously unimaginable. At the same time, studying metabolism and metabolic diseases presents significant challenges, since it involves highly complex and interconnected biological pathways with multiple redundant mechanisms, making it difficult to disentangle cause-and-effect relationships. But for me, this complexity is also what makes metabolism research so exciting.

Science and innovation are key drivers of progress. We witnessed this during the COVID-19 pandemic, when decades of basic research proved essential in developing vaccines and treatments. We are also seeing rapid advancements in artificial intelligence, which have the potential to revolutionize research, medicine, and many other fields. In my specific area, the development of GLP-1R drugs—which correct blood sugar and promote weight loss—have had an important impact on the obesity and type 2 diabetes epidemic, demonstrating how scientific discoveries can translate into real-world solutions for major public health challenges. 

Now more than ever, science is essential for addressing complex global issues—from health and disease to climate change and technology. Investing in scientific research is not just about innovation; it’s about shaping a healthier and more sustainable future.

Ana Paula Arruda is an assistant professor in the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology.